来源：英文联播
Anna Chennault， secret Nixon envoy， Washington figure of ‘glamour and mystery，’ dies at 94
Anna Chennault， a Chinese-born writer and business executive who married a storied American general and became a Washington hostess， Republican Party activist and secret emissary for candidate Richard M。 Nixon during the 1968 presidential campaign， died March 30 at her home in Washington。 She was 94。
陈香梅——出生在中国的作记者和商业经理人，嫁给了传奇美国将军，后来成为华盛顿名媛和共和党活动家，1968年大选期间成为竞选人理查德·尼克松的密使——3月30日在华盛顿家中逝世，享年94岁。
She had complications from a recent stroke， said her daughter， Cynthia Chennault。
Mrs。 Chennault （pronounced shuh-NAWLT） gained international fame in 1947， when she married a swashbuckling World War II hero， Maj。 Gen。 Claire L。 Chennault， in Shanghai。 At the beginning of the war， he organized theFlying Tigers， a volunteer group of American airmen in China， then a U.S。 ally。
女儿辛西娅·陈纳德说，最近她中风后，身体一直不好。陈纳德夫人因1947年在上海嫁给二战英雄陈纳德少将而闻名世界。战争之初，陈纳德组建美国飞行员在华志愿者组织“飞虎队”，当时中国是美国的盟国。
Her marriage to the general， three decades her senior， put Mrs。 Chennault at the center of Asian and U.S。 diplomatic， military and commercial circles， and she became a leading figure in the “China lobby，” supporting the efforts of nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek to establish an anti-communist government on Taiwan in opposition to Mao Zedong’s People’s Republic of China。
嫁给比自己年长30岁的将军，这让陈纳德夫人成为亚洲、美国外交、军事和商界的明星，她是“中国游说团”的主要人物，支持台湾的国民党领导人蒋介石，反对新中国。
After her husband’s death in 1958， Mrs。 Chennault settled in Washington， where she became a formidable presence and “a figure of glamour and mystery in the Nation’s Capital，” as Washington Post columnist Maxine Cheshire put it。 She soon became a top fundraiser for the Republican Party — but kept her ears and doors open to people across political and international borders。
1958年丈夫逝世后，陈纳德夫人定居华盛顿，她风云一时，成为“首都充满魅力和神秘感的人物”，《华盛顿邮报》专栏作家马可欣·钗曦如是说。她很快成为共和党的主要筹款人，但大门向各个政治党派和国际人士打开。
“In Washington you can disagree，” she told The Post in 1970。 “But you must not be disagreeable。”
“在华盛顿你可以说不，但不要不同人接触，”她1970年对《华盛顿邮报》说。
Mrs。 Chennault led a stylish life， with a chauffeur， a chef and a wardrobe of clothes she designed herself。 Dinner parties at her penthouse apartment in the Watergate complex were attended by so many power brokers that she was called “the next Perle Mesta，” after the renowned Washington “hostess with the mostest” who became an ambassador and was the inspiration for characters on the stage and in film。 （Mesta even attended Mrs。 Chennault’s gatherings。）
陈纳德夫人生活时髦，有司机、厨师和一橱子自己设计的衣服。她在水门大厦自家的顶层公寓召开晚宴，参加者皆是权力掮客，以至于她被称作“下一个珀尔·梅斯塔”，梅斯塔是华盛顿“超级名媛”，后来做了大使，成为舞台和电影人物的故事创作之源。（梅斯塔都参加陈纳德夫人的聚会。）
“Her career represents a unique model of an informal diplomat，” Mrs。 Chennault’s biographer，Catherine Forslund， a history professor at Rockford University in Illinois， said in an interview。 “She was somebody who interpreted China to Americans， government officials， businesses and the public， to a certain extent。 Plus， she interpreted the United States to all these Asian countries。”
“她的事业代表了非正式外交官的一种独一无二的模式，”陈纳德夫人传记者、伊利诺伊罗克福德大学历史学教授凯瑟琳·福斯伦德接受采访时说。“她是那种在某种程度上将中国解释给美国政府官员、商界人士和公众听的人。另外，她把美利坚合众国解释给所有亚洲国家听。”
Throughout almost 60 years of widowhood， Mrs。 Chennault faithfully kept alive the memory of her husband， a rakish pilot and military officer she always referred to as “General Chennault。” The Flying Tigers， known for the distinctive shark-teeth design painted on the fuselage of their P-40 fighters， carried out aerial battles against Japanese planes in the early stages of World War II。
居寡六十年，陈纳德夫人对丈夫念念不忘。丈夫是倜傥洒脱的飞行员和军官，她常常称丈夫为“陈纳德将军”。“飞虎队”，曾在二战之初对日本战机作战，因P40战斗机机身上与众不同的鲨鱼牙齿设计而得名。
Later， as a two-star general， Claire Chennault commanded the U.S。 14th Air Force in Kunming， China， where young Anna Chan， as she was then known， met him as a war correspondent。
后来，二星将军克莱尔·陈纳德在昆明指挥美国空军第14大队，当时年轻的记者陈香梅遇到了陈纳德。
At the end of the war， Claire Chennault co-founded an air-cargo company called Civil Air Transport。 After his death， the company was purchased by the CIA and renamedAir America， which operated largely without public oversight into the 1970s。
战争将近结束时，克莱尔·陈纳德与人创建了航运公司民航空运。陈纳德逝世后，公司被中情局购得，重新命名为“美航”，七十年代主要秘密运营。
Mrs。 Chennault， in the meantime， built a career in Washington as a consultant to aerospace companies and military leaders in the United States and Asia。 She became a vice president of a separate air-cargo company， the Flying Tiger Line， and negotiated landing rights and other business agreements throughout Asia。 The company was eventually sold to Federal Express。
同期，陈纳德夫人在华盛顿为航空公司和美国、亚洲的军队领导人做顾问。她成为另一家航运公司“飞虎队航线”的副总裁，在亚洲参与谈判着陆权和其他商业合同。公司最终卖给了联邦快递。
“She knew all the heads of every air force in Asia，” said Forslund， whose biography of Mrs。 Chennault was published in 2002。 “She had a very high level of discretion。”
When a Post reporter once asked directly whether she had any involvement with the CIA， Mrs。 Chennault’s reply was a terse “No comment。”
“她认识亚洲各个空军的头头，”福斯伦德说，陈纳德夫人的传记作品2002年出版。“她水平很高。”《华盛顿邮报》记者曾直接问她是否参加了中情局，陈纳德夫人的回答很简洁，“无可奉告”。
She shared strong anti-communist sympathies with Nixon， who became one of her political patrons。 Mrs。 Chennault， the vice chairman of the Republican National Finance Committee， was the leading female fundraiser for Nixon’s 1968 presidential campaign。
她和尼克松一拍即合，并成为他的政治支持者。陈纳德夫人是共和党全国财政委员会副主席，1968年是尼克松竞选的首席女性筹款人。
“I don’t accept less than $500，” she said at the time。
“少于五百刀不要，”她扬言说。
In the weeks before the 1968 election， President Lyndon B。 Johnson announced plans to suspend U.S。 bombing of North Vietnam as an attempt to jump-start peace talks in Paris。 Nixon feared that an agreement to end the Vietnam War could tip the election to the Democratic nominee， Vice President Hubert H。 Humphrey。
1968年大选前数周，林登·约翰逊总统宣布叫停美国轰炸北越的计划，准备在巴黎展开和平谈判。尼克松担心结束越南战争的协议会让选举倒向民主党候选人、副总统赫伯特·汉弗莱一边。
Nixon’s campaign asked Mrs。 Chennault to approach South Vietnamese officials with a request to delay or abandon the negotiations in Paris， in an effort to thwart Humphrey。
尼克松阵营请陈纳德夫人接触南越官员，要求后者暂缓或放弃巴黎和谈，旨在挫败汉弗莱。
“Hold on，” she said to South Vietnam’s ambassador to the United States， relaying a message from Nixon’s campaign。 “We are gonna win。”
“打住吧，”她对南越驻美大使说，直接传达了尼克松阵营的意思。“我们要赢。”
The back-channel meeting was wiretapped by the FBI， and a furious Johnson was listening to Mrs。 Chennault’s message。
联邦调查局监听到了背地里的会面，愤怒的约翰逊当时正在听陈纳德夫人说话。
“This is treason，” the president told Senate Minority Leader Everett M。 Dirksen （R-Ill。）， referring to the apparent efforts to interfere with U.S。 diplomacy。
“这是叛国，”总统对参议院少数派领袖埃弗里特·德克森说，他认为这显然在干涉美国外交。
Johnson said nothing in public at the time， Nixon won the election， and the war in Vietnam dragged on until 1975， when the United States abandoned its embassy in Saigon。
约翰逊在公共场合没有说这件事，结果尼克松赢得了大选。越南战争一直拖到1975年，当年美国放弃了在西贡的使馆。
Within weeks， details of the covert arrangement， which became known as the “Chennault affair，” began to leak to the press。 At first， Mrs。 Chennault called the story “an insult to my intellect，” yet in her 1980 autobiography， “The Education of Anna，” she admitted that she had made overtures to the South Vietnamese on Nixon’s behalf。
几周内，秘密安排的细节开始被媒体得知，当时被称为“陈纳德事件”。一开始，陈纳德夫人认为这个说法是“对我智商的侮辱”，但在1980年自传《香梅的教育》一书中，她承认她站在尼克松一边暗示了南越。
Until his death in 1994， Nixon denied that he did anything to sabotage the peace talks。 His direct role in the Chennault affair was not confirmed until historian John A。 Farrell uncovered notes written by Nixon aideH.R。 “Bob” Haldemanthat were “kept secret by Nixon and his lawyers for decades，” according to Farrell’s 2017 biography，“Richard Nixon： The Life。”
直到1994年去世，尼克松都否认他破坏和平谈判。他在陈纳德事件中的直接责任直到历史学家约翰·法瑞尔发现尼克松助手“鲍勃”·哈德曼的记录才真相大白，这些记录“几十年来被尼克松和他的律师藏起来了”，法瑞尔在2017年传记《理查德·尼克松：一生》中写道。
Among other things， Haldeman’s notes revealed that Nixon called Mrs。 Chennault “Dragon Lady” in private。 They also showed that her clandestine mission to the South Vietnamese was directly ordered by Nixon， in possible violation of U.S。 law。
哈德曼的笔记显示，尼克松私下里将陈纳德夫人称作“龙夫人”。笔记还显示，她对南越的秘密任务是尼克松直接下令的，这可能违反美国法律。
“There’s really no doubt this was a step beyond the normal political jockeying，”Farrell told the New York Times in 2017。 “Potentially， this is worse than anything he did in Watergate，” referring to the political scandal that grew out of wiretapping the Democratic National Committee’s headquarters at the Watergate office complex and led to Nixon’s resignation in 1974。
“毫无疑问，这种政治手段越界了，”法瑞尔在2017年对《纽约时报》说。“可能这比水门还糟糕，”他说的是监听民主党全国委员会在水门大厦总部办公室并导致尼克松在1974年辞职的政治丑闻。
Mrs。 Chennault had hoped her loyalty would be rewarded with an ambassadorship or a major post in the Nixon administration。 She was offered nothing。 According to Forslund， Nixon was reluctant to nominate her for a job requiring Senate confirmation， concerned that she might divulge campaign subterfuge under oath。
陈纳德夫人希望她的忠诚能换个大使当当，或在尼克松政府中谋个重要职位。她什么也没捞到。照福斯伦德的说法，尼克松不愿提名她担任需参议院确认的职位，担心她作证时把大选中的诡计说秃噜了。
Chen Xiangmei was born June 25， 1923， in Beijing， the second of six sisters。 （Her date of birth is usually given as 1925， but her daughter confirmed that she was two years older than often reported。）
陈香梅1923年6月25日生于北京，是六姐妹中的老二。（通常说她生于1925年，但她的女儿确认她比这大两岁。）
Her father was an Oxford-educated law professor and diplomat； her mother， who was also from a prominent family， died in the late 1930s。 The family moved to Hong Kong in 1937， soon after war broke out between China and Japan。
她的父亲是牛津大学毕业的法学教授和外交官，母亲也家世显赫，但在三十年代末去世。1937年中日爆发战争后不久，全家移居香港。
Anna Chan， as she was known in English， graduated from Hong Kong’s Lingnan University in 1944。 While working for a Chinese news organization， she metChennault， who was nicknamed “Old Leatherface。” They settled in Taiwan soon after their marriage。
陈香梅1944年毕业于香港岭南大学。她为中国新闻机构工作时遇到陈纳德，当时外号“老皮脸”。他们结婚后不久定居于台湾。
Widowed at 35， Mrs。 Chennault moved to Washington with her two daughters and became a U.S。 citizen。 She worked for a translation service at Georgetown University and later for Voice of America。 She helped edit Chinese-English dictionaries and， in 1962， published the first of many books， the best-selling “A Thousand Springs： The Biography of a Marriage。”
陈纳德夫人35岁丧夫，带着两个女儿移居华盛顿，成为美国公民。她为乔治敦大学提供翻译服务，后来为美国之音工作。她参与编修中英字典，1962年出版处女作，畅销书《一千个春天：一段婚姻史》。
Mrs。 Chennault received her first presidential appointment from President John F。 Kennedy， helping resettle Chinese refugees， and served on various presidential commissions through the administration of President Bill Clinton。 She established scholarships and academic fellowship programs in China and the United States。
陈纳德夫人得到约翰·肯尼迪总统的第一次任命，协助安置中国难民，她在比尔·克林顿总统任职期间干过各种总统任命的职位。她在中国和美国创立了奖学金项目。
For years， she was romantically linked to her longtime public escort， Thomas G。 “Tommy the Cork” Corcoran， a lawyer and onetime aide to President Franklin D。 Roosevelt， who had helped Claire Chennault gain permission to form the Flying Tigers。 Corcorandied in 1981。
多年来，她和自己多年的公共保护人、律师和富兰克林总统的幕僚托马斯·柯克兰惺惺相惜，柯克兰曾帮助克莱尔·陈纳德获准组建飞虎队。柯克兰1981年去世。
Mrs。 Chennault never remarried，telling friends that she wanted to be buried beside her husband in Arlington National Cemetery。
陈纳德夫人没有再婚，她对朋友说，希望与丈夫合葬在阿灵顿国家公墓。
Survivors include two daughters， Cynthia Chennault of Gainesville， Fla。， and Claire Anna Chennault of Rockville， Md。； three sisters； and two grandsons。
在世者还有两个女儿——住在佛罗里达盖恩斯维尔的辛西娅·陈纳德和住在马里兰州罗克韦尔的克莱尔·香梅·陈纳德，她还有三个妹妹和两个孙子。
Mrs。 Chennault once owned a Chinese restaurant in Washington with syndicated columnistJack Anderson— who nevertheless wrote about her secretive role in the Nixon campaign。 She helped establish the private George Towne Club with， among others， South Korean lobbyist Tongsun Park， who was later charged with bribing members of Congress。 Mrs。 Chennault was not implicated in the scandal。
陈纳德女士曾与专栏作家杰克·安德森在华盛顿开了一家中餐馆，结果安德森却写了她在尼克松大选中扮演秘密角色的事。她协助创建了乔治敦私人俱乐部，参与者还有一名韩国游说者，后来被控向国会议员行贿。陈纳德夫人没有牵涉丑闻。
As a longtime opponent of the Communist regime in her homeland， Mrs。 Chennault felt betrayed when Nixon visited China in 1972 and when President Jimmy Carter established full diplomatic relations in 1979。 But， seeing a new opportunity to bring her two worlds together， she visited the Chinese mainland in 1981 for the first time in 33 years。 She later organized one of the first groups of Taiwanese business executives to visit the People’s Republic of China。 She last visited the land of her birth in 2015。
作为长期的反共人士，尼克松1972年访华和1979年吉米·卡特同中国建立正式外交关系，让她感觉自己被背叛了。但看到出现将两个世界拉到一起的新机会，1981年，她33年终首次造访大陆。她后来组织台湾商界第一批参观中华人民共和国。2015年，她最后一次踏上自己的出生地。
During a meeting in the 1980s with Chinese leaderDeng Xiaoping， Mrs。 Chennault said he asked， “Why do all the so-called China experts have blue eyes and blond hair？”
八十年代与中国领导人邓小平的一次会面中，陈纳德女士说，他问，“为什么所有这些所谓的中国专家都是蓝眼睛、金头发？”
It was a question that long rankled Mrs。 Chennault， especially as she grew more frustrated with diplomats and lawmakers who never offered her a major policymaking role — but kept attending her parties。
这是让陈纳德夫人一直愤愤不平的问题，尤其她对外交官和议员越来越不满，他们从来不给她一个重要的职位，却一直参加她的聚会。
“I am not a hostess，” she told People magazine in 1981。 “For years I have despised that description。 Why don’t people recognize me as a China expert？”
“我不是个名媛，”1991年，她对《人物》杂志说。“这么多年来，我厌恶这种说法。为什么没人把我当成中国问题专家呢？”
