来源：继民财经汇
马斯克：《纽约时报》史上最“悲情”采访（全文）
北京时间8月17日消息，特斯拉公司CEO埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）周四接受了《纽约时报》的采访。他在采访中做回了真实的自己，几度哽咽。他表示，高强度工作让自己的身体透支，有时需要安眠药的协助才能入睡。他还详细披露了自己发布争议推文的过程，认为私有化推文旨在提高透明度。马斯克认为，从特斯拉运营角度讲，最糟糕的日子已经过去，但从个人痛苦的角度讲，最糟糕的还在后面
该报道称，马斯克和特斯拉董事会成员最早将于下周与美国证券交易委员会（以下简称“SEC”）官员举行会谈。报道还称，马斯克甚至需要服用安眠药才能入睡，这让特斯拉董事会感到担忧。
马斯克8月7日在Twitter上宣布，正考虑以每股420美元的价格将特斯拉私有化。而且，私有化所需资金“已有保障”。对于马斯克通过Twitter发布该消息，SEC已经对特斯拉展开调查，评估是否违反了美国证券法。
除了SEC，还有律师事务所对特斯拉展开了调查。
在马斯克8月7日宣布私有化消息的当天，特斯拉股价在当日一度上涨约13%，即每股最高上涨45.47美元。当天，特斯拉股价收于每股379.57美元。
但8月15日，SEC向特斯拉发出传票后，特斯拉股价当天收于340美元，低于马斯克在Twitter上宣布该消息之前的价格。
昨日，特斯拉股价收于335.45美元。今日以323.50美元看盘，截至发稿时，特斯拉股价报于305.50，跌幅约9%。
以下是《纽约时报》的报道全文，中文翻译仅供参考
Elon Musk， the chairman and chief executive of the electric-car maker Tesla。 “This past year has been the most difficult and painful year of my career，” he said。
电动车制造商特斯拉的董事长兼首席执行官埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）说。“过去的一年是我职业生涯中最艰难、最痛苦的一年，”他说。
Elon Musk was at home in Los Angeles， struggling to maintain his composure。 “This past year has been the most difficult and painful year of my career，” he said。 “It was excruciating。”The year has only gotten more intense for Mr。 Musk， the chairman and chief executive of the electric-car maker Tesla， since he abruptly declared on Twitter last week that he hoped to convert the publicly traded company into a private one。 The episode kicked off a furor in the markets and within Tesla itself， and he acknowledged on Thursday that he was fraying.In an hourlong interview with The New York Times， he choked up multiple times， noting that he nearly missed his brother’s wedding this summer and spent his birthday holed up in Tesla’s offices as the company raced to meet elusive production targets on a crucial new model.Asked if the exhaustion was taking a toll on his physical health， Mr。 Musk answered： “It’s not been great， actually。 I’ve had friends come by who are really concerned。” The events set in motion by Mr。 Musk’s tweet have ignited a federal investigation and have angered some board members， according to people familiar with the matter。 Efforts are underway to find a No。 2 executive to help take some of the pressure off Mr。 Musk， people briefed on the search said。 And some board members have expressed concern not only about Mr。 Musk’s workload but also about his use of Ambien， two people familiar with the board said.For two decades， Mr。 Musk has been one of Silicon Valley’s most brash and ambitious entrepreneurs， helping to found several influential technology companies。 He has often carried himself with bravado， dismissing critics and relishing the spotlight that has come with his success and fortune。 But in the interview， he demonstrated an extraordinary level of self-reflection and vulnerability， acknowledging that his myriad executive responsibilities are taking a steep personal toll.In the interview， Mr。 Musk provided a detailed timeline of the events leading up to the Twitter postings on Aug。 7 in which he said he was considering taking the company private at $420 a share。 He asserted that he had “funding secured” for such a deal — a transaction likely to be worth well over $10 billion。 That morning， Mr。 Musk woke up at home with his girlfriend， the musician known as Grimes， and had an early workout。 Then he got in a Tesla Model S and drove himself to the airport。 En route， Mr。 Musk typed his fateful message。
马斯克在洛杉矶的家中挣扎着保持镇静。“过去的一年是我职业生涯中最艰难、最痛苦的一年，” 他说。“这是痛苦的。
这一年对电动汽车制造商特斯拉的董事长兼首席执行官马斯克先生的影响只会更大， 因为他上周突然在 Twitter 上宣布， 他希望将这家上市公司私有化。这一事件在市场和特斯拉内部掀起了轩然 ， 他在星期四承认自己正在痛苦之中。
在接受《纽约时报》的一次小时采访中， 他多次哽咽， 他注意到今年夏天他几乎错过了哥哥的婚礼， 他自己的生日是在特斯拉的办公室里度过的， 因为公司在一个关键的新车型上需要满足难以捉摸的生产目标。。
当被问及疲惫是否对他的身体健康造成损害时， 马斯克先生回答说： “事实上， 这不是很好。我有一些朋友特地过来关心我，他们是真的关心我来。
据知情人士透露， 马斯克先生的对外陈述引发了一项联邦调查， 并激怒了一些董事会成员。知情人士称， 董事会目前正在努力寻找一位2号高管， 以帮助他们摆脱马斯克先生的压力。两位熟悉董事会的人士表示， 一些董事会成员不仅对马斯克先生的工作量， 而且对他使用安必恩的情况表示关注。
两年来， 马斯克先生一直是硅谷最傲慢和雄心勃勃的企业家之一， 他投资了了几家有影响力的科技公司。他经常以虚张声势的态度， 开除评论家， 他欣赏自己的成功和财富所取得的聚光灯。但在采访中， 他表现出了非凡的自我反省和脆弱性， 并承认他的无数行政责任正在给个人造成巨大的损失。
在采访中， 马斯克先生提供了一个详细的时间表， 在 8月7日 Twitter 发布的事件中， 他说他正在考虑把公司以每股420美元私有化。他断言， 他为这笔交易提供了 “担保资金”--交易可能价值超过100亿美元。 那天早上， 他在家里和他的女友（一位被称为 “葛” 的音乐家）醒来后并了早期的锻炼。然后他开着特斯拉去了机场。在途中， 麝香先生发布了他的致命信息。
Mr。 Musk declared on Twitter last week that he hoped to convert the publicly traded company into a private one。 Tesla’s shares soared afterward。 Mr。 Musk has said he saw the tweet as an attempt at transparency。 He acknowledged Thursday that no one had seen or reviewed it before he posted it.Tesla’s shares soared。 Investors， analysts and journalists puzzled over the tweet — published in the middle of the day’s official market trading， an unusual time to release major news — including the price Mr。 Musk cited。 He said in the interview that he wanted to offer a roughly 20 percent premium over where the stock had been recently trading， which would have been about $419。 He decided to round up to $420 — a number that has become code for marijuana in counterculture lore。“It seemed like better karma at $420 than at $419，” he said in the interview。 “But I was not on weed， to be clear。 Weed is not helpful for productivity。 There’s a reason for the word ‘stoned。’ You just sit there like a stone on weed。”Mr。 Musk reached the airport and flew on a private plane to Nevada， where he spent the day visiting a Tesla battery plant known as the Gigafactory， including time meeting with managers and working on an assembly line。 That evening， he flew to the San Francisco Bay Area， where he held Tesla meetings late into the night.What Mr。 Musk meant by “funding secured” has become an important question。 Those two words helped propel Tesla’s shares higher.But that funding， it turned out， was far from secure.Mr。 Musk has said he was referring to a potential investment by Saudi Arabia’s government investment fund。 Mr。 Musk had extensive talks with representatives of the $250 billion fund about possibly financing a transaction to take Tesla private — maybe even in a manner that would have resulted in the Saudis’ owning most of the company。 One of those sessions took place on July 31 at the Tesla factory in the Bay Area， according to a person familiar with the meeting。 But the Saudi fund had not committed to provide any cash， two people briefed on the discussions said。
马斯克先生上周在 Twitter 上宣布， 他希望将这家上市公司转为私人企业。特斯拉的股票随后飙升。 马斯克先生说， 他认为这条推文是为了提高透明度。他星期四承认， 在发布之前没有人看到或审查过。特斯拉的股价飙升。投资者、分析家和记者对这篇推文感到不解， 这是在当天官方市场交易中发布的， 而这是发布主要新闻的不寻常时间， 他在接受采访时说， 他希望在最近的股票交易中提供大约20% 的溢价， 这将是419美元。他决定四舍五入到420美元--这个数字已经成为反大麻的代号。
他在接受采访时说： “420美元似乎比419美元这个数字要好。”但我不是坐在杂草从中， 要清楚。杂草对生产率没有帮助。“石头” 这个词有一个原因。你只是坐在那里像一块石头上的杂草。
马斯克先生到达机场， 上了一架私人飞机飞往内华达州， 在那里， 他花了一天的时间参观了特斯拉电池厂（ Gigafactory，） 包括与经理会面， 并在装配线上工作。当晚， 他飞往旧金山湾区， 在那里他举行了特斯拉会议至深夜。
马斯克先生所指的 “私有化资金担保” 已成为一个重要问题。这两个字眼有助于推动特斯拉的股价走高。但事实证明， 这笔私有化资金远非确定。
马斯克先生说， 他指的是沙特政府投资基金的潜在投资。马斯克先生与2500亿美元基金的代表进行了广泛的会谈， 讨论到可能的一项交易融资， 以将特斯拉私有化--甚至可能导致沙特拥有大部分公司。据一位熟悉会议的人士透露， 其中一届会议于7月31日在海湾地区的特斯拉工厂举行。但沙特基金没有承诺提供任何现金， 两位知情人士表示。
The Model 3 assembly line at Tesla’s factory in Fremont， Calif。 The company has been racing to meet production targets on the new model.CreditJustin Kaneps for The New York TimesAnother possibility under consideration is that SpaceX， Mr。 Musk’s rocket company， would help bankroll the Tesla privatization and would take an ownership stake in the carmaker， according to people familiar with the matter.Mr。 Musk’s tweet kicked off a chain reaction.An hour and 20 minutes after the tweet， with Tesla’s shares up 7 percent， the Nasdaq stock exchange halted trading， and Tesla published a letter to employees from Mr。 Musk explaining the rationale for possibly taking the company private。 When the shares resumed trading， they continued their climb， ending the day with an 11 percent gain.The next day， investigators in the San Francisco office of the Securities and Exchange Commission asked Tesla for explanations。 Ordinarily， such material information about a public company’s plans is laid out in detail after extensive internal preparation and issued through official channels。 Board members， blindsided by the chief executive’s market-moving statement， were angry that they had not been briefed， two people familiar with the matter said。 They scrambled to cobble together a public statement trying to defuse a mounting uproar over the seemingly haphazard communication.Mr。 Musk said in the interview that board members had not complained to him about his tweet。 “I don’t recall getting any communications from the board at all，” he said。 “I definitely did not get calls from irate directors。”But shortly after the Times published its interview with Mr。 Musk， he added through a Tesla spokeswoman that Antonio Gracias， Tesla’s lead independent director， had indeed contacted him to discuss the Aug。 7 Twitter post， and that he had agreed not to tweet again about the possible privatization deal unless he had discussed it with the board.In the interview， Mr。 Musk added that he did not regret his Twitter post — “Why would I？” — and said he had no plans to stop using the social media platform。 Some board members， however， have recently told Mr。 Musk that he should lay off Twitter and focus on making cars and launching rockets， according to people familiar with the matter。 Kara Swisher， a Times opinion columnist， writes that Mr。 Musk is “deeply human， with all the positive and negative characteristics that suggests。”
模型3装配线在特斯拉的工厂位于加利福尼亚州弗里蒙特。该公司一直在努力满足新车型的生产目标。
私有化另一种可能性是， SpaceX火箭公司， 将提供资金帮助特斯拉私有化，
马斯克先生的推文引起了连锁反应。
推文发布一小时20分钟后， 特斯拉的股价上涨了 7%， 纳斯达克证券交易所停止了交易， 特斯拉向员工发表了一封信， 解释了可能把公司私有化的理由。当股票恢复交易时， 他们继续攀升， 以11% 的涨幅结束了这一天。
第二天， 美国证券交易委员会旧金山办公室的调查员要求特斯拉解释。美上市公司宣布私有化通常的做法是， 在进行广泛的内部准备并通过官方渠道发布后， 详细列出了有关上市公司计划的这些材料信息。两位知情人士表示， 董事会成员在公司首席执行官突然宣布这个市场行动声明中措手不及， 他们对未作事先简报感到愤怒。他们争先恐后地拼凑出一份公开声明， 试图平息一场看似杂乱无章的交流中日益高涨的骚动。
马斯特先生在采访中说，董事会成员没有向他抱怨他的推文。“我不记得从董事会得到任何通信，” 他说。“我绝对没有接到愤怒的来自董事的电话。但在《泰晤士报》发表与马斯克先生的访谈后不久， 他通过特斯拉的一位发言人补充说， 特斯拉的首席独立董事安东尼奥确实曾联系过他讨论8月7 Twitter 帖子， 他同意不再推特关于可能的私有化协议， 除非他与董事会讨论过。
在采访中， 马斯克先生补充说， 他并不后悔他的 Twitter 帖子--“我为什么要这么做”--并说他没有计划停止使用社交媒体平台。据知情人士透露， 一些董事会成员最近告诉马斯克先生， 他应该放下 Twitter， 专注于制造汽车和发射火箭。 《泰晤士报》专栏作家卡拉？史伟莎写道， 马斯克先生体现出了典型的人的特征，不论是从所有的积极还是消极的角度。
The launch of the SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket at Kennedy Space Center in February。 SpaceX， Mr。 Musk’s rocket company， is said to be a possible source of funding for the Tesla privatization The S.E.C。 investigation appears to be intensifying rapidly。 Just days after the agency’s request for information， Tesla’s board and Mr。 Musk received S.E.C。 subpoenas， according to a person familiar with the matter。 Board members and Mr。 Musk are preparing to meet with S.E.C。 officials as soon as next week， the person said.In the interview on Thursday， Mr。 Musk alternated between laughter and tears.He said he had been working up to 120 hours a week recently — echoing the reason he cited in a recent public apology to an analyst whom he had berated。 In the interview， Mr。 Musk said he had not taken more than a week off since 2001， when he was bedridden with malaria。“There were times when I didn’t leave the factory for three or four days — days when I didn’t go outside，” he said。 “This has really come at the expense of seeing my kids。 And seeing friends。”Mr。 Musk stopped talking， seemingly overcome by emotion.He turned 47 on June 28， and he said he spent the full 24 hours of his birthday at work。 “All night — no friends， nothing，” he said， struggling to get the words out.Two days later， he was scheduled to be the best man at the wedding of his brother， Kimbal， in Catalonia。 Mr。 Musk said he flew directly there from the factory， arriving just two hours before the ceremony。 Immediately afterward， he got back on the plane and returned straight to Tesla headquarters， where work on the mass-market Model 3 has been all consuming。 Mr。 Musk paused again。“I thought the worst of it was over — I thought it was，” he said。 “The worst is over from a Tesla operational standpoint。” He continued： “But from a personal pain standpoint， the worst is yet to come。”He blamed short-sellers — investors who bet that Tesla’s shares will lose value — for much of his stress。 He said he was bracing for “at least a few months of extreme torture from the short-sellers， who are desperately pushing a narrative that will possibly result in Tesla’s destruction。”
2月在肯尼迪航天中心发射的 SpaceX 猎鹰重型火箭。SpaceX， 是马斯克的火箭公司， 据说是一个可能的资金来源为特斯拉私有化证券交易证券交易的调查似乎正在迅速加剧。据一位知情人士透露， 在该机构要求提供信息的几天后， 特斯拉的董事会和麝香先生收到了证监会的传票。该人士说， 董事会成员和麝香先生准备在下周与证监会官员会面。
在星期四的采访中， 马斯克先生交替在欢笑和泪水之间。他说， 他最近一周工作了120小时， 这也是他最近向一位严厉斥责的分析师公开道歉时所提到的原因。在接受采访时，他说， 自从2001年他因疟疾卧床时， 他不超过一周就开始工作。他说： “有时我没有离开工厂三或四天-天， 当我没有走出去。”这真的是以牺牲看到我的孩子和看到朋友。
采访中他停止说话， 似乎克制住情感。他在 6月28日刚好47岁， 他说他在工作中度过了整整24小时的生日。“整夜-没有朋友， 什么也没有，” 他说， 挣扎着要把话说出来。
两天后， 他被定为在加泰罗尼亚的兄弟 Kimbal 的婚礼上的伴郎。他说， 他从工厂直接飞到那里， 在典礼前两个小时到达。紧接着， 他回到飞机上， 径直回到了特斯拉总部， 在那里工作很耗费时间。 他又停顿了一下。
“我认为最糟糕的事情已经结束了--我想是这样，” 他说。“最糟糕的是从特斯拉的操作立场。”他继续说：“ 但是从个人的痛苦角度来看， 最坏的情况还没有到来。
他指责卖空者--投资者谁敢打赌特斯拉的股票将失去价值-这是他的大部分压力。他说， 他正准备 “至少几个月的极端折磨， 卖空者正拼命推发布负面消息这 可能会破坏特斯拉公司。
Mr。 Musk said he had been working up to 120 hours a week recently。 “There were times when I didn’t leave the factory for three or four days — days when I didn’t go outside，” he said。 Referring to the short-sellers， he added： “They’re not dumb guys， but they’re not supersmart。 They’re O.K。 They’re smartish。”[Short-sellers made $1 billion as Tesla stock dropped 9 percent on Friday。]Mr。 Musk’s tweets on Aug。 7 were the most recent of several flare-ups that had drawn scrutiny。 He wrangled with short-sellers and belittled analysts for asking “boring， bonehead” questions。 And after sending a team of engineers from one of his companies to help rescue members of a stranded soccer team， he lashed out at a cave diver who was dismissive of the gesture， deriding him on Twitter as a “pedo guy，” or pedophile.To help sleep when he is not working， Mr。 Musk said he sometimes takes Ambien。 “It is often a choice of no sleep or Ambien，” he said.But this has worried some board members， who have noted that sometimes the drug does not put Mr。 Musk to sleep but instead contributes to late-night Twitter sessions， according to a person familiar with the board’s thinking。 Some board members are also aware that Mr。 Musk has on occasion used recreational drugs， according to people familiar with the matter。
马斯克说，他最近每周工作120个小时。他说：“有几次，我有三四天没有离开工厂，有几天我没有出去。”谈到卖空者，他补充说：“他们不是傻瓜，但他们不是超人。他们很好。他们很聪明。”[由于特斯拉股票周五下跌9%，卖空者获利10亿美元。]马斯克8月7日的推文，是引起人们关注的几起事件中的最新一起。他与卖空者争吵，并贬低分析人士提出“无聊、愚蠢”的问题。在派了他所在公司的工程师去帮助拯救被困足球队的队员之后，他猛烈抨击了一名对这个手势不屑一顾的洞穴潜水员，在Twitter上嘲笑他是一个“恋童癖者”，或者是恋童癖者。马斯克说，为了在不工作的时候帮助睡眠，他有时会使用安必恩。“这通常是不睡觉或安必恩的选择，”他说。但据一位了解该委员会想法的人士透露，这让一些董事会成员感到担忧，他们注意到，有时这种药物不会让马斯克睡觉，而是会在深夜的Twitter会议上发挥作用。据知情人士透露，一些董事会成员也意识到，马斯克偶尔也会使用休闲药物。
Tesla executives have been trying for years to recruit a chief operating officer or other No。 2 executive to assume some of Mr。 Musk’s day-to-day responsibilities， according to people familiar with the matter。 A couple of years ago， Mr。 Musk said， the company approached Sheryl Sandberg， who is Facebook’s second-highest executive， about the job.Mr。 Musk said that “to the best of my knowledge，” there is “no active search right now。” But people familiar with the matter said a search is underway， and one person said it had intensified in the wake of Mr。 Musk’s tweets。[The Tesla board “now must ask a sensitive but vital question，” our columnist writes。 “What was Mr。 Musk’s state of mind” when he tweeted？]In response to questions for this article， Tesla provided a statement that it attributed to its board， excluding Elon Musk。 “There have been many false and irresponsible rumors in the press about the discussions of the Tesla board，” the statement said。 “We would like to make clear that Elon’s commitment and dedication to Tesla is obvious。 Over the past 15 years， Elon’s leadership of the Tesla team has caused Tesla to grow from a small start-up to having hundreds of thousands of cars on the road that customers love， employing tens of thousands of people around the world， and creating significant shareholder value in the process。”Mr。 Musk said he had no plans to relinquish his dual roles as chairman and chief executive.But， he added， “if you have anyone who can do a better job， please let me know。 They can have the job。 Is there someone who can do the job better？ They can have the reins right now。”
据知情人士透露，多年来，特斯拉高管一直在努力招聘首席运营官或其他二号执行官，以承担马斯克的部分日常职责。”马斯克说，几年前，该公司与Facebook的二号高管谢丽尔·桑德伯格（Sheryl Sandberg）接洽，向她询问了这份工作。马斯克说，“据我所知，”现在没有“积极的搜索”。但知情人士表示，搜索工作正在进行，一名知情人士表示，在马斯克的推文发布后，搜索力度加大了。我们的专栏作家写道：[特斯拉董事会现在必须提出一个敏感但至关重要的问题。马斯克在Twitter上说：“马斯克先生的精神状态是什么？”针对本文提出的问题，特斯拉提供了一份声明，称该声明属于其董事会，不包括埃隆·马斯克。声明说：“媒体上有许多关于特斯拉董事会讨论的虚假和不负责任的谣言。”“我们要表明，埃隆的承诺和奉献特斯拉是显而易见的。在过去的15年里，埃隆在特斯拉团队中的领导地位已经使特斯拉从一个小型的初创企业成长为拥有数十万辆消费者喜爱的汽车，在全世界雇用了数万人，并在这个过程中创造了巨大的股东价值。”
马斯克说，他不打算放弃担任董事长和首席执行官的双重角色。但是，他补充道。“如果你有谁可以做得更好，请告诉我。他们可以得到这份工作。有人能把这项工作做得更好吗？他们现在可以掌握控制权了。”
让我们祝福马斯克、祝福特斯拉！
本文作者系新浪国际旗下“地球日报”自媒体联盟成员，授权稿件，转载需获原作者许可。文章言论不代表新浪观点。
